About Acne

About Acne

          Acne is a condition in which the pores of the skin become blocked causing an inflamed pus sac. Acne is a skin disease that has a large number of sufferers. Kligmann, a well-known acne problem researcher in the world, says, "No one in the world has passed his life without a zit on his skin. "Possible causes are hormonal changes that stimulate oil glands in the skin. Other hormonal changes that can trigger acne are menstruation, pregnancy, use of birth control pills, and stress.

Causes of Acne

1. Excessive oil production

             Acne does not always appear because it is dirty, but more because of factors from the body. Acne is an abnormal condition of the skin due to excessive interference in the production of oil glands (sebaceus gland) which causes blockage of the hair follicles and skin pores. The most common causes of acne are hormones, a pile of oil or sebum on the skin that collaborate with bacteria to form acne

2. Dead skin cells

           Generally, acne is caused by an excessive oil gland because it is actively produced by the androgen hormone. Acne occurs because excess oil glands mix with dead skin cells. When skin cells mix with the amount of dust or dirt that has increased, the thick and sticky mixture can form blockages that become pimples. Many think that acne only attacks the face, but acne can also attack other parts of the body, such as the back, chest and upper arms.

3. Bacteria

           What makes the problem even more complicated, bacteria usually present in the skin, called P. acne, which tend to multiply in the blocked sebaceous glands, which produce irritating substances in the surrounding area. The gland continues to swell, and may rupture, then spread inflammation to the skin of the surrounding area. This is what causes the most likely type of rock breakouts, which is to leave long-term pigmentation and scars like permanent smallpox.

4. Cosmetics

           Blockage of pores often occurs with the use of cosmetics that contain a lot of oil or the use of powder that blends with the foundation. The foundation contained in the powder causes the powder to clog pores to easily cause acne

5. Medicines

           Consumption of corticosteroid drugs, both oral (drinking drugs) and topical (topical medications), which results in decreased immune system, also increases the potential for acne to develop due to increased activity of pathogenic bacteria.

6. Cellphone

       The surface of the cellphone can be a fertile medium for the growth of acne-causing bacteria. To prevent this, clean the surface of the phone regularly with alcohol, and try not to attach the phone to the cheek when calling.

7. Stress

         actually, stress does not directly cause acne. The problem is, there are certain hormones that come out when someone is stressed, which allows the growth of zits. stress makes the person have a diet that tends to consume lots of sweet and fatty foods, as "escape" from the stress that causes acne.

Types of acne

1. Blackheads

         Blackheads that are completely clogged with pores, can be opened or closed. Open blackheads, look like enlarged and black pores. Closed blackheads (whiteheads) have skin that grows above clogged pores so that it looks like a small white bulge. This type of blackhead acne is caused by dead skin cells and excessive secretion of oil glands on the skin.

2. Regular care

         This type of acne is easily known, small protrusions pink or reddish. Occurs because the clogged pores are infected by bacteria propionibacterium acne. These bacteria usually live in blocked sebaceous gland ducts, in areas where fatty acids are present in the sebaceous gland sacs that are hidden in the pores of the skin. It is named propionibacterium because it is capable of producing propionic acid. This bacterium is an anaerobic type so it can live without the need for oxygen, and has aerotolerant characteristics that cause irritation to the surrounding area. The bacteria that infect can be from washcloths, makeup brushes, fingers, as well as telephones. Stress, hormones and moist air can increase the likelihood of acne formation.

3. Stone stones

Cystic acne is a large pimple, with severe inflammation, gathered all over the face. Cystic acne sufferers usually also have close relatives who suffer from this type of acne. Genetically the sufferer has:
a. Overactive oil glands that flood pores with oil glands,
b. Abnormal growth of skin cells that cannot regenerate as fast as normal skin
c. Have an excessive response to inflammation that leaves marks on the skin

Acne triggers

P. acne bacteria live in the follicles and sweat glands that are far from the surface of the skin. In the follicle, the bacterium P. acne uses sebum, the remains of dead cells and metabolic by-products from the surrounding skin tissue as their main energy source. An increase in sebum production triggered by overactive oil glands or follicular blockages can double the number of P. acne bacteria.

P. acne bacteria secrete a lot of protein, including some digestive enzymes. These enzymes are used to digest sebum and other nutrients can destabilize the cell layer that forms the follicular wall. Damage at the cellular level, metabolic by-products and bacterial remnants produced by P. acne growth in the follicle can trigger inflammation that results in folliculitis and acne.

Effects of acne

People of all ages can get acne, although more often acne occurs in adolescents. Acne can affect people physically, psychologically, and socially.

1. Physical effects
       Acne causes scarring, and pustular acne can be very painful and sensitive.

2. Psychological effects
         People who suffer from severe cases of acne, especially teenagers, can develop low self-esteem which can cause depression to facilitate the growth of acne

3. Social effects
         Low self-esteem problems can make someone suffer from acne withdrawing from many social events. That makes the development of new personal relationships (especially love relationships) more difficult. Low self-esteem can also cause problems with career progress because the person may find it difficult to present a positive attitude.

Acne Treatment

Many items are sold to treat acne, the most popular is benzoyl peroxide. Many of these things have not been scientifically proven to help acne. However, a mixture of commercial and homemade treatments can help treat acne for various reasons.

1. Kills bacteria that grow in clogged follicles. This can be done by ingesting antibiotics, or by placing antibiotics on the skin. Antibiotics act quickly and are a powerful way to eliminate temporary acne.

2. Removing oil on the skin can be done by taking drugs that contain Vitamin A. Accutane is the most famous treatment name that uses large amounts of vitamin A.

3. Removing dead skin cells can be done by treatment with salicylic acid.

4. Diet: studies have shown that acne is quite rare in areas with different diets, and certain foods have been shown to aggravate acne.

Popping acne should not be done by anyone except a qualified dermatologist. Acne that appears irritates the skin, can make bacteria spread, and can cause scars. Applying hot water will open the pores and reduce damage because it will require less power to trigger it.

Epidemiology

          There are 650 million people in the world with acne, which is about 9.4% of the global population. [3] More women get acne than men (9.8% versus 9.0%). [3] Acne affects 40 to 50 million people in the United States (16%) and around 3 to 5 million in Australia (23%). Acne affects people from all ethnic groups.

Acne scars

Acne often causes scars. Very difficult and expensive to treat acne scars.
These are some of the ways acne scars can be treated:

1. Dermabrasion. The top layer of skin is taken to make the scar look less. It makes the scar less visible, but does not eliminate it completely. Many treatments may be needed.

2. Laser resurfacing. Lasers are used to burn the top layer of skin.

Deep penetration of light therapy. Non-laser, non-ultraviolet light therapy that can be used to correct mild to moderate acne. Blue light causes damage to certain chemicals in acne bacteria, destroys cell walls.

3. Punch execution. Scars are raised with a punch and the edges are smoothed together.

4. Chemical blade. Various types of acids are placed on the skin so that a finer layer can form.

5. Subcision. The hole is made between the scar and the skin under the scar. Blood can clog under the scar, and lift it to the surface of the skin.

How to Avoid Acne

1. Wash your face twice a day to avoid acne
2. Give facial moisturizer after cleaning it so it doesn't break out
3. Exfoliate the skin once a week. Exfoliation means gently removing the outer part of the skin (called the "epidermis") to remove dead skin cells and open the clogged pores that cause acne

Tips

1. Always clean your face when you sweat. Oil on your skin can cause acne to get worse, stress is also the cause of acne getting worse.
2. Make sure to take care of your skin, don't be lazy to do it.
If you have acne on one side of the face, this could be due to your phone or pillow. So be sure to clean it regularly.
3. If you wear makeup or sunscreen on your face, make sure to clean it before bed or your makeup will get deeper into your skin.
4. Mixing honey and lemon juice then applying it to your skin will help reduce acne scars and cleanse Ansa's pores naturally.
5. Try to sleep on your back as often as possible to avoid contact between your face and pillow.

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